Mumbai
India
Mumbai is projected to face a future with increasing climate hazards, including frequent heatwaves, heavy rainfall, prolonged droughts, and higher risks of arboviruses and malaria. In response, the city implements and plans technology-enabled resilience solutions, such as urban heat island mapping, climate analytics, and hazard forecasting. Health initiatives focus on air quality measurement and filtration, while water management includes water level monitoring for floods and sea level alerts. Additionally, Mumbai emphasizes nature-based strategies like biodiversity protection and ecosystem rehabilitation. This comprehensive mix of current and proposed actions aims to strengthen the city’s resilience against imminent climate challenges.
Hazard Outlook
How will Mumbai's projected climate hazards compare to other cities under a 3.0°C future warming scenario?
Maximum Rainfall
Mumbai's projected maximum rainfall of 26 mm is among the highest of all cities globally.
Elevation
At 4 m elevation, Mumbai faces very high risk from coastal flooding and sea level rise.
Longest Heatwave
Mumbai may experience heatwaves lasting up to 5 days, higher than most other cities.
Maximum Temperature
Mumbai's projected maximum temperature of 8.6°C is near the median of cities globally under a 3.0°C warming scenario.
Heavy Rainfall Days
With 10 days of heavy rainfall expected, Mumbai ranks near the median of cities for extreme precipitation events.
Exposure Summary
Adaptation Priorities
Mumbai faces high exposure to max rain, elevation and elevated exposure to heatwave. These areas may warrant priority attention in adaptation planning.
Data source: Climate projections from the IPCC AR6 scenario analysis. See our methodology for details on how we process and interpret this data.
Deployed Solutions
Deployed climate adaptation technologies identified in Mumbai.
Air Quality Hotspot Forecasting and Early Warning System
Mumbai is implementing an air pollution hotspot-based forecasting system designed to provide ward and zonal-level air quality predictions across the...
Integrated Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting Network
This air quality monitoring and forecasting approach integrates data from multiple monitoring networks operated by the Brihanmumbai Municipal...
Mumbai Automated Weather Station Network for Rainfall Monitoring
Decadal rainfall data from the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation's Automated Weather Stations reiterates the increasing frequency of very heavy and...
Urban Greening and Heat Island Monitoring Dashboard
The city dashboard initiative enables municipal authorities to access and monitor information regarding urban greening and heat island effects at...
Recommended Solutions
Proven solutions from similar cities that could help diversify Mumbai's resilience portfolio
Integrated Hydro-Meteorological Warning System
73%The Integrated Hydro-Meteorological Warning System (IHWS) was implemented in Central Vietnam, specifically in Da Nang City and Quang Nam Province, serving a population of 1,300,000 inhabitants in areas particularly vulnerable to natural disasters.
Inclusive Sign Language Early Warning System for Deaf Communities
73%An inclusive early warning system was developed and piloted in Da Nang to address critical gaps in disaster communication for the deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) community.
Community-Led Participatory Flood Risk Mapping Using Open-Source Tools
70%Community-led resources mapping represents an effective and replicable model for Lagos to strengthen preparation against flood management challenges.
Multi-Tool Urban Resilience Assessment Framework
70%Cần Thơ applied a comprehensive suite of analytical tools developed by the 100 Resilient Cities program and complementary technologies to develop its urban resilience strategy.
Lagos State Emergency Command and Control Centre
70%Lagos State has developed a comprehensive emergency management platform centered on the Lagos State Command and Control Centre (LSCCC), which has served as the central hub for coordinating emergency services including LASEMA, Lagos State Fire and Rescue Service, LASTMA, LASAMBUS, and the Rapid Response Squad since its inception in 2010.
Flood Risk Management Platform with Integrated Municipal Data
67%CivicDataLab, in collaboration with the Open Contracting Partnership and Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA), has developed a Flood Risk Management Platform to strengthen mitigation planning and oversight.
GIS-Enabled Emergency Information Sharing Platform
67%The Common Operational Picture is a GIS-enabled electronic platform that enhances emergency information sharing and support mechanisms for dealing with multiple hazards in Hong Kong.
Reservoir Water Level Monitoring and Early Warning System
73%Da Nang planned to build warning systems linked to water level at Truc Dong and Hoc Khe reservoirs as part of investing in hydro-meteorologic monitoring and early warning systems for flood, flash flood and reservoir breakdown.
Floating Solar Photovoltaic Systems on Reservoirs
67%The Water Supplies Department (WSD) has pioneered floating photovoltaic (FPV) technology on Hong Kong's reservoirs, beginning with two 100 kW pilot systems installed at Shek Pik Reservoir and Plover Cove Reservoir in 2017.